Implemented in 1898, Russian hallmarking consolidated each element of a sequential hallmark into a single INCLUSIVE hallmark. This efficient execution combined one, two, three or even four elements within a SINGLE frame-shape. For example, a three element mark would contain a national Russian core image that designated a specific time period, an individual assay office letter for the regional assay office, and a fineness standard. A four-element mark would add a weight number to an otherwise three-element mark. Hope this helps.
